What is psychology, where did it begin and how did science develop?
Why?
Why do cosmonauts, businessmen, politicians work with psychologists?
Why?
And why, after all, after going to the psychologist, the soul does not hurt so much?
Psychology (Greek psychē “soul” and logos “word”) is a science that studies the laws of the development of the psyche and mental activity of an individual or group of people. Until the 19th century, psychology as a science developed quite weakly, among researchers there was a single opinion that the subject of the study of psychology is the human soul.
The popularization of psychology began with the fact that a number of physiologists and physicists began to conduct research, which were based on a thorough collection and analysis of experimental data. So, at the beginning of the century of the XIX century, there was not a single specialized textbook on psychology, but already in 1883 a full systematic course created by the German psychiatrist Emile Creelin appeared.
At the beginning of the 20th century, many schools were formed, each of which sought to explain various psychological phenomena. Among the most popular areas in the psychology that arose in the last century, psychoanalysis, logotherapy, humanistic psychology, gestalt psychology, cognitiveness, functionalism and behaviorism can be called.
Modern psychology is a diversified science; Each of the industries is an independent direction. They are conditionally divided into fundamental (general) and applied (special) sciences. The first group aims to study mental phenomena and is a basis that unites all branches of psychology, acting as the basis for their development. Applied industries have a practical purpose - they are represented by social psychology, clinical psychology, legal psychology, sports psychology, and so on.